Bx_dbg_read_linear: Physical Memory Read Error (Phy=0x0000000000000000, Lin=0x0000000000000000)

学习环境

Ubuntu 11.04 + Bochs 2.4.6 + NASM

主要工作

ane. 第一章马上动手写一个最小的"操作系统"

代码如下：

i org 07c00h 　　　　; tell the compiler that the program is loaded at 7c00
2 mov ax, cs
three mov ds, ax
4 mov es, ax
5 call DispStr 　　　　; call the example about string display
6 jmp $ ; unlimited loop
seven DispStr:
8 mov ax, BootMessage
9 mov bp, ax 　　; ES:BP = address of cord
10 mov cx, 16 　　　　; CX = length of cord
xi mov ax, 01301h 　　; AH = xiii, AL = 01h
12 mov bx, 000ch 　　; page num = 0 (BH = 0), red discussion with black backgroud (BL = 0ch, highlight)
thirteen mov dl, 0
14 int 10h 　　　　　　; interruption at 10h
15 ret
16 BootMessage: db " Hello, OS World! "
17 times 510 -($-$$) db 0 ; fill up the remaining space to the number of the binary code reach 512 bytes
18 dw 0xaa55 　　　　 ; end

要用NASM编译上述代码，首先要安章NASM，然后编译。

sudo aptitude install nasm
nasm boot.asm -o kicking.bin

实际上，这只是一个引导扇区。当BIOS检查第一个扇区，发现以0xAA55结束，BIOS就认为这是一个引导扇区。"一旦BIOS"发现了引导扇区，就会将512字节的内容装载到内存地址0000:7c00处，然后跳转到0000:7c00处将控制权彻底交给这段引导代码。到此为止，计算机不再由BIOS 中固有的程序来控制，而变成由操作系统的一部分来控制。"

指令部分说明

org：伪指令，用来规定目标程序存放单元的偏移量。比如，如果在源程序的第一条指令前用了如下指令： org 200h，那么，汇编程序会把指令指针的ip的值设成200h,即目标程序的第一个字节放在200h处，后面的内容则顺序存放，除非遇上另一个org 语句;

$: 当前被编译的地址;
$$: 一个section开始被编译的地址。

其他nasm指令参见nasm中文手册（有需要的，可以留下e-mail）或登录http://www.mouseos.com/assembly/nasm03.html查看。

2. 第二章搭建你的工作环境

通过安装Bochs来搭建我们的工作环境。目前Bochs最新的版本是2.4.6，下载地址是http://sourceforge.internet /projects/bochs/files/bochs/2.four.vi/。

（one）Bochs安装及使用步骤

下载源程序;

安装build-essential，xorg-dev，libgtk2.0-dev;

sudo apt-get install build-essential xorg-dev libgtk2. 0 -dev

编译安装;

$ ./configure --enable-debugger --enable-disasm
$ make
$ sudo brand install

利用bximage生成虚拟软盘。在输入bximage命令后，在第一步提示选择fd即可;
将引导扇区写入软盘;

                          dd if=kick.bin of=a.img bs=              512                              count=              ane                              conv=notrunc

配置bochsrc，具体内容如下，

1 ###############################################################
ii # Configuration file for Bochs
three ###############################################################
4
five # how much memory the emulated machine will have
6 megs: 32
seven
8 # filename of ROM images
9 romimage: file=/usr/local/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest #/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest
x vgaromimage: file=/usr/local/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest #/usr/share/vgabios/vgabios.bin
11
12 # what disk images will be used
13 floppya: 1_44=a.img, status=inserted
fourteen
15 # cull the boot deejay.
16 boot: floppy
17
18 # where do nosotros send log messages?
xix # log: bochsout.txt
xx
21 # disable the mouse
22 mouse: enabled= 0
23
24 # enable primal mapping, using United states of america layout every bit default.
25 keyboard_mapping: enabled= 1 , map=/usr/local/share/bochs/keymaps/x11-pc-us.map #/usr/share/bochs/keymaps/x11-pc-united states of america.map

运行Bochs，显示效果如下图所示，

（2）错误列表

在安装过程中和使用书带的光盘中的bochsrc时，出现了一些错误，解决方案列举如下，

Fault i：安装Bochs时，出现错误"install: cannot stat `./bochsdbg': No such file or directory"

Solution：将源文件中bochs的文件夹名称改为bochsdbg即可。

Error two: 运行bochs时，出现错误"bochsrc:10: vgaromimage directive malformed，"

　　 Solution: 将bochsrc文件中第10行vgaromimage: /usr/share/vgabios/vgabios.bin改为

　　　　　　 vgaromimage: file=/usr/share/vgabios/vgabios.bin

　　具体错误输出如下：

                          bochs -f bochsrc
========================================================================
                Bochs x86 Emulator                            2              .              iv              .              6                              
                Build from CVS snapshot, on February                            22              ,                            2011                              
                Compiled at Jun                            ten                                          2011              ,                            xviii              :              44              :              49                              
========================================================================
00000000000i[     ] reading configuration from bochsrc
00000000000p[     ] >>PANIC<<                            bochsrc:              10              : vgaromimage directive malformed.
                            00000000000e              [CTRL ] notify called, just no bxevent_callback function is registered
========================================================================
Bochs is exiting with the post-obit                            message:                              
[     ]                            bochsrc:              10              : vgaromimage directive malformed.
========================================================================
00000000000i[CPU0 ] CPU is                            in                              real way (active)
00000000000i[CPU0 ] CS.d_b =                            sixteen                              bit
00000000000i[CPU0 ] SS.d_b =                            16                              bit
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | EAX=              00000000                              EBX=              00000000                              ECX=              00000000                              EDX=              00000000                              
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | ESP=              00000000                              EBP=              00000000                              ESI=              00000000                              EDI=              00000000                              
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | IOPL=              0                              id vip vif air-conditioning vm rf nt of df if tf sf zf af pf cf
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | SEG selector     base    limit Grand D
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | SEG sltr(alphabetize|ti|rpl)     base    limit Yard D
00000000000i[CPU0 ] |                            CS:              0000              (                            0000              |                            0              |                            0              )                            00000000                                          00000000                                          0                                          0                              
00000000000i[CPU0 ] |                            DS:              0000              (                            0000              |                            0              |                            0              )                            00000000                                          00000000                                          0                                          0                              
00000000000i[CPU0 ] |                            SS:              0000              (                            0000              |                            0              |                            0              )                            00000000                                          00000000                                          0                                          0                              
00000000000i[CPU0 ] |                            ES:              0000              (                            0000              |                            0              |                            0              )                            00000000                                          00000000                                          0                                          0                              
00000000000i[CPU0 ] |                            FS:              0000              (                            0000              |                            0              |                            0              )                            00000000                                          00000000                                          0                                          0                              
00000000000i[CPU0 ] |                            GS:              0000              (                            0000              |                            0              |                            0              )                            00000000                                          00000000                                          0                                          0                              
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | EIP=              00000000                              (              00000000              )
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | CR0=0x00000000 CR2=0x00000000
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | CR3=0x00000000 CR4=0x00000000
                            bx_dbg_read_linear:                              physical retentivity read error (phy=0x0000000000000000, lin=0x00000000)
00000000000i[CTRL ] quit_sim chosen with exit code                            i

Fault three: 运行bochsrc时，出现错误"ROM: couldn't open up ROM prototype file '/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest'."

　　 Solution: 将bochsrc文件中第9行romimage: file=/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest改为

　　 romimage: file=/usr/local/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest #/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest

具体错误输出如下：

Event type: PANIC
Device: [MEM0 ]
Bulletin: ROM: couldn ' t open ROM image file ' /usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest ' .

A PANIC has occurred. Do you want to:
cont - continue execution
alwayscont - continue execution, and don

' t ask again.
This affects only PANIC events from device [MEM0 ]
dice - terminate execution now
abort - dump core
debug - continue and return to bochs debugger
Choose i of the deportment in a higher place: [die]

Fault 4: 运行bochsrc时，出现关于Keymap的错误，见下图，

error-keymap

　　 Solution: 将bochsrc文件中最后一行keyboard_mapping: enabled=1, map=/usr/share/bochs/keymaps/x11-pc-usa.map改为

　　keyboard_mapping: enabled=1, map=/usr/local/share/bochs/keymaps/x11-pc-u.s..map #/usr/share/bochs/keymaps

　　　　　 /x11-pc-u.s..map

Error 5: 调试引导扇区程序是，出现错误"syntax fault at 'dump_cpu'"

　　 Solution: None. bochs 2.3.5 以上的版本没有dump_cpu了,可以用r，fp，mmx，sse，dreg，sreg，creg命令代替。

附录

希望大家多多指正，如有转载，请注明出处http://www.cnblogs.com/JohnShao/archive/2011/06/11/2078419.html。

继续学习，更多惊喜！

ellisanceirs.blogspot.com

Source: https://www.cnblogs.com/JohnShao/archive/2011/06/11/2078419.html

Bx_dbg_read_linear: Physical Memory Read Error (Phy=0x0000000000000000, Lin=0x0000000000000000)

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